Aortic dissection is a medical condition characterized by a tear in the inner layer of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. This tear allows blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, causing the layers to separate and potentially leading to the formation of a blood-filled channel known as a false lumen. Aortic dissections can be classified as either Stanford Type A or Type B, depending on the location of the tear in the aorta. This condition is considered a medical emergency due to the potential for the dissection to worsen, rupture, or block blood flow to vital organs. Treatment typically involves surgery or medication to stabilize the patient and prevent complications. Ongoing research focuses on improving diagnosis, treatment options, and outcomes for individuals with aortic dissections.